When removing large branches from a tree, where should the last pruning cut be made?

• A. Inside the branch collar.
• B. Flush with the trunk.
• C. Just outside the branch collar.
• D. On the upper surface of the branch.

Answer: (C)

The final cut should be made just outside the branch collar. The branch collar is the swollen, protective tissue where the branch meets the trunk, and it contains cells that help seal the wound. Placing the last cut just beyond this collar leaves the collar tissue intact, allowing the tree to seal efficiently and reducing the risk of decay entering through a large, exposed wound. Cutting flush with the trunk removes part of that protective collar and creates a larger wound, while cutting inside the collar removes even more protective tissue and can girdle or weaken the junction. Cutting on the upper surface of the branch can leave a stub or cause tearing as the limb regrows, so it isn’t the proper placement.